Drill.



No. 829,633. PATBNTED AUG. 28, .1906.

H. R. DECKER. f

DRILL. APPLICATION FILED Nov. 11. 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2. 117g. Z,

blades, or what are known as "iish-tail bits,I

iveness; but because of i head and bits separable, so that the l ters indicate corresponding parts throughout 5 5 HARRY RnEcKER, o

DRILL.

PATENTl OFFICE.'

F. Hous'ron, TEXAS.

To tu whom 'it `may concern: Be ittknown that I, HARRY R. DECKER, citizen of theTUnite'd States, residin at Houston, inthe county lof Harris an State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drills, of which the followingwis a specification;

y inventionrelates tdrills for use 1n drilling Artesian and oil wells. :A

I-Ieretofore the preferred forrns of bits for use in drillingArtesian and oil wells'have been either a rotaryshoe, a heavy piece of pipe having a serrated edge and a cross blade -or because of their shape. The latter are the Ones commonly used, because of their eiiectthefact that they son become dulled and have to be removed to be shar ened andas the ordinary iishtail bit is too arge to be effectively tempered the sharpening has to be done so often as to make. it a source of great expense. Another disadv vantage is that each sharpening shortens the blades, which soon become too short to drill a straight hole, and as a consequence the drillhead is rendered useless and must be discarded.

My invention consists in' making the drill bits may be tempered, if desired; but in its complete form my invention contemplates the* con struction of a bit of two metals of unequal hardness, so that the softer metal Wearing faster than the harder part automatically sharpens the cutting edgey and makes it unnecessary to'remove the drill-bit to sharpen it.

My invention also includes improvements by which the. bits are automatically kepttightly secured in the drill-head, so that it is not necessary to remove' the drill-rod to tighten up the blades.

The constructionr of my invention will be described in detail hereinafter andillustrated in the accompanying drawings, in'which- Fi e 1 is a sectional view of my improved drillead with the drill-blades 1n position and showing m improved devicefor tightening the bits 1n t e head. Fig. 2 is a side view in elevation of the drill-head; Fig. 3, a bottom plan view; Fig. 4, a view in cross-section4 of one of the bits, and Fig. 5 a sectional view of a modification of my invention.

In the drawings similar reference characthe several views.

Specification of Letters 1 atent. Appunti@ mea November 11,1905. 'serial No. 286,918.

ltion b of said recess, .witha projection d layers of metal o v gether by rivetin I proved A represents my vimproved lform of drillhead,having a .reduced screw-threaded up er Patented Aug. es, 1 906.

portion aand its lower portion formed wit a t plurality of radial slots B, having -theirupper end formed wedge-shaped, as shownat b, and their inner surface b formed with an angular depression b and a correspondin ly-sha ed projection b. The center of the ead Alias a bore C therethrough for the passage of water.

'The drill-bits vD have their upper ends shaped to fit the slots B, havin' a wedgeshap'ed portion d to fit the wedge-s aped porandthe edge d formed tot into' angular de.- press'ion b, and a depression df" pro'ection b, the surfaces from b tob an from d to d forming correspondinglybeveled surfaces', as shown', whichwhen the outer edge D of the bit-blade is pressed inwardly forms a wedge-lock, to ether with the wedge-sha ed portions b and that securely holdsthe it in lace. The outer edge D is tapered 1 1 ward y, as shown, and has a beveledsh der D at its upper end.

E represents the coupling-ring, having its u yper end e interiorly threaded to receive the t eaded end of the tubular drill-rod F. The lower end is formed with a bell-'shaped portion e to iit the tapered edges D and shoulders D of bits D. B Y tendency ofy the cou ling is to turn in the direction of the threadidon the drill-head, which is also the direction of the rotation ofthe drill-rod F, so thatany-loosening of the bits is immediately counteracted, the pressure onv the tapered portion D being inward, so as to form with the beveled surfaces from b to 11 and d to d a wedgelock, andlthe ressure on the shoulder D driving the we tions d into the wedge-recesses b..

As shown in Fi 4, the bit is formed of two Func' ual hardness, G bein a late of steel and iron or other meta so er than steel, the two being joined tousi or in any other det will e understood' from slred manner.

ge porportion t of the driuthead, and tht this construction theconstant 'i roo this construction that as the softer metal art l H will wear more rapidly than the steel p ate G the blade always retains a cuttingl edge.

In Fig. 5 is shown amodiiication of my imdrill-bit in which instead of the bellshaped lower portion e offthe coupling E to clamp the bits a ring I is provided, having .los

l left'ha'nd interior screw-threads fi, while the l threads J to engage the I- loosening thereof counteracted. At the saine surface of the drill-head v'is rovidedjwith threa s i. AThe upper end of the bit is also provided with a shoulder K, which is adapted to be engaged' by the threaded coupling-ring L and pressed downwardly as the drill rotates. It will be understood from this construction that as the drill-rod F rotates the tendency is to force the coupling-ring L downward, and its lower edge bearing a ainst the shoulder K the bit is always force downwardly and any radial slots, bits formed to it into said slots,

rovided with means to ho 1n the head, substantially as shown and dea drill-rod and. a coupling-ring to connect said drill rod'and head, said couplin --ring being d t e drill-bits scribed.

2. In a drill, a head having its upper end screw-threaded and its lower portion provided with va number of radial slots extending to its outer suiface, bits formed to fit into said slots, a drill od, a cou lin -ring to iit the threaded ortion of said ea and secure the drill-rod xereto, and a bell-shaped portion integral with said coupling-ring to engage the outer edges of the drill-bits, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a drill, a head having a number of radial slots with enlarged wedge-shaped ortions, bits formed to t into said slots, a rillrod, andea con ling-ring tosecure said rod and head to etl er and provided with means to hold said its in position in the head, substantially as shown and described.

4, In a drill, a head having its upper end screw-threaded and its lower portion rovided with a number of radial slots exten in to its outer surface and formed with enlarge wedge-shaped portions, bits shaped to t into said slots, a drill-rod having its lower end screw-threaded, a threaded coupling-ring bevel of the innerwalls, bits s to fit the threads on said headandjrod, and a bell-shaped portion integral with said'cou i ling-rino' to engave the outer edges of the dri lbits, su stantlalIy'as shown and described.

5. In a drill, a head having a number of radial slots with downwardly-beveled interior walls having angular depressions and pro'ections thereln joined by a surface bevele o posi tely to the bevel of the inner walls, bits s a ed to fit in said slots, and means to secure tige bits thereihsubstantially as shown and described. j

6. In a drill, a head having a threaded portion and a plurality of radial slots having en- 'larged wedge-shaped portions, bits shaped to 'fit into said slots andl aving a beveled shoulder on its outer ed e, and a coupling-ring to enga e said threa ed portion'and having a beve ed portion to it said beveled shoul er, substantially as shown and described.

7. In a drill, a head comprising a threaded portion and a plurality of radial slots having downwardl -beveled interior walls provided with angular depressions and rojecti ons joined by a surface beveled oppositely to the aped to it in said slots having their outer edges beveled, and a coupling-ling to engage said threaded portion and havin a bell-shaped portion to engage the edges o the bits, substantially as shown and described.

8. In a drill, a head comprisingathreadedportion and a plurality of radial slots having enlar ed wedge-shaped portions and downward y-beveled inteiior walls provided with angular depressions and projections joined by a surface beveled oppositely to the bevel o the inner walls, bits shaped to fit in said slots havin their outer surface beveled and formed witli a beveled shoulder, and a coupling-ring to engage said threaded portion and .having a bell-shaped portion to engage the outer edges of the its, substantially as shown and described. 4

In testimony whereof I hereto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

HARRY R. DECKER.4v Witnesses J. R. MoRsE, WM. CLARK. 

